Andrew Sung

Stanford BS in CS '26 (AI).
MS in systems, currently on leave.

I'm currently a research fellow working on AI safety. I enjoy figuring things out, then making something with what I learn.

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Selected work

ai alignment / theoryMisalignment from state-dependent conflationWhy an AI can mistake a useful step for the goal.

In prior work, an agent playing Montezuma’s Revenge gets stuck at the top rung of a ladder. The rung is an instrumental state: useful for reaching a reward. Conflation mistakes that future usefulness for reward now.

We extended the theory to let conflation vary across states. Our three-state model shows how error at a useful step can trap an agent there, despite the cost of staying.

Aligning Superintelligence, Stanford.

Misaligned: the agent treats the instrumental state's future usefulness as reward now, so it stays there and loses one each step. Aligned: it passes through that costly state to reach the goal and collect eighty. The instrumental state is a means to the reward, not the reward itself.
True rewards shown for both policies. Simplified from figures 2b, 2d of our paper

With Leo Li. Mentored by Alex Infanger.

math reasoning / test-time trainingTTT-BinaryTraining a model on its own practice problems to help it solve a harder math problem.

We gave gpt-oss-120b a hard math problem, then used its attempts to generate easier practice problems. We kept problems where 60–80% of its answers agreed and used the majority answer as a training label. This is test-time training: the model learns while working on the target problem, using GRPO reinforcement learning.

On one FrontierMath Tier 3 problem, the solve rate rose from 0.67% to 32.4% at step 90 after we cleaned and regenerated the subproblem curriculum.

TTT-Binary training results: solve rate increases from 0.67% at baseline to 32.4% at step 90.

With Darrow Hartman and Leo Li. Mentors: Chenglei Si and Luke Bailey. Faculty sponsor: Tatsunori Hashimoto. Supported by a $10K grant from Thinking Machines Lab.

agents / dev toolsMCPkmn ShowdownA Pokémon battle agent that can look up the game data. First place at Stanford's Claude Build Challenge.

An open-source MCP server for Pokémon Showdown. Eight tools let agents look up 1,500+ Pokémon, 950+ moves, and 300+ abilities instead of relying on memory.

I used it to build a competitive Gen 9 battle agent.

A battle in Pokémon Showdown with the MCP-powered agent.

Solo.

rl / information theoryRL Wordle agentCombining information gain with reinforcement learning to solve Wordle in fewer guesses.

We trained an agent to balance guesses that rule out words with guesses that could solve the puzzle, using PPO and an information-gain reward. It solved all 500 evaluation games in an average of 3.51 guesses. A comparison strategy that always chooses the most informative guess (greedy entropy) also solved all 500, averaging 3.61 guesses.

Entropy-guided PPO and greedy entropy each solved all 500 evaluation games, averaging 3.51 and 3.61 guesses respectively. Lower is better.

With Ethan Hersch and Manav Kant.

robotics / embedded systems Turty Droid An autonomous curling robot. Semifinalist in Stanford's ME 210 (Mechatronics) competition.

We built a robot that drives to a shooting position, fires three pucks, and returns to reload. Three ultrasonic sensors guide navigation; an encoder controls the firing mechanism.

An Arduino state machine runs the sequence with a 100 Hz control loop. Stopping briefly before measurements improved the consistency of the ultrasonic readings.

Turty Droid on the curling table, with the team watching the competition.

With Senching Hsia, Jeremy Merritt, and Libby Ye.

art / hardwareA Thousand HyphaeAn installation that turns voltage readings from mycelium cultures into sound, with six rotating sculptures.

We built a 1.6m soil bed with 15 mycelium cultures and six fluorescent sculptures, modeled in Blender and 3D-printed in flexible TPU plastic. Electrodes and a Pico ADC-24 sent voltage readings from the mycelium to a MacBook Pro. A Python script used those readings to trigger recorded clips and adjust the volume of ambient sound loops.

An Arduino Mega rotated the sculptures on staggered timers, reversing the motors to keep the suspension lines from tangling.

Main components

Sensing
Mycelium cultures, electrodes, Pico ADC-24
Sound
MacBook Pro running a Python audio script; recorded clips and ambient loops
Movement
Arduino Mega, seven 12V DC geared motors, L298N motor drivers, 6mm shaft couplers
Structure & power
TPU sculptures, soil bed, braided wire, fishing line, cardboard stands, two 7.2V batteries in series
The mycelium installation in a circular growing bed, with openwork sculptures, electrodes, and a MacBook Pro.

With Libby Ye.

Experience

2026 – present

Anthropic Fellows Program

Research Fellow

Research coming soon.

2026 –

Need

Software Engineer

Built oversight and evaluation tools for self-improving oncology agents.

2025 –

ByteDance

Software Engineering Intern

Built sensitive-data classification and internal PCI compliance tools for Global Payments. Worked on CapCut user-data migration for the US TikTok sale.

2024–2025 –

Weather forecasting startup

Technical Cofounder

Used reinforcement learning to correct long-range weather forecasts for agriculture, commodities, and power markets, as part of Stanford GSB Startup Garage.

2024 –

Stanford HCI Group & AI Lab

Undergraduate Research Assistant

Built memory and reminders for GPTCoach, an AI agent for fitness and behavior change. Acknowledged in Bloom, which received a CHI 2026 Best Paper Award.

Earlier experience

2022–2024 –

Stanford XR

Core Member & Financial Officer

Organized XR events and managed club funds. Placed second at the annual hackathon.

2022–2024 –

Dasion

Software Engineering & ML Intern

Worked on models to detect depression and anxiety from voice and EEG signals.

2023 –

Stanford Virtual Human Interaction Lab

VR Software Engineer

Worked on Virtual Becomes Reality for Quest 2 using Unity and C#.

2023 –

Stylar

Founding Software Engineer

Designed interfaces for a computer vision and fashion startup.

About

Outside work: chess, golf, boxing, snowboarding, scuba diving, and fermentation.

Andrew Sung
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